Over-qualification rates by country of birth ta_eductrain_skills_over__lfsa_eoqgac

Time format:
Years
Unit:
Percentage (comparable)
BA
HR
EA20
EU27_2020
MT
ME
MK
RS
TR
LU
CZ
PL
SK
HU
SI
PT
RO
DK
NL
IS
IT
SE
BG
LV
NO
FR
UK
EL
FI
CH
AT
BE
DE
EE
IE
CY
ES
LT
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
BA
20.8
21.1
22
24.1(b)
HR
12.6
13.6
15.6
14.6(b)
12.9
13.9
14.2
14.1
14.2
14.7
13.1(b)
13.3
13.8(b)
13
10.7(b)
10.3
11.3
13.2
12.3(b)
11.2(b)
11.6
9.7(b)
12.6
EA20
22.6
23.2
23.6
23.2(b)
23
23.1
23.3
23.2
22.9
23
22.8(b)
22
21.8
20.5
21.6
21.8
22
22
22.2
22.2(b)
21.6
21.7
21.9
EU27_2020
21.5
22
22.2
21.8(b)
21.7
21.8
22.1
22.1
21.8
21.8
21.7(b)
21
20.7
19.6
20.3
20.3
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.3(b)
19.7
19.8
19.9
MT
21.7
22.1
19.1
20.3(b)
17.7
19.2
19.6
17
14.5
13.8
14.2(b)
13.3
12.4
12.1(b)
10.3
7.6
6.7
9.3
6.6
6.9(b)
7.5(bu)
(u)
(u)
(u)
(u)
ME
18.5
15.8
13.2
13.8
16.9
16.5
17.9(b)
14.3
17.8
19.2
MK
26
26.3
23.3
22.2
21.7
25.1
22.7(b)
19.1
19.6
20.7
22.3
20.6
20.3
21
17.5
RS
23.2
25
24.2
24.6(b)
26.7
26.9
26
25.6
23.8
23.6
21.2(b)
20.3
(u)
(u)
15
TR
36.3
35.7
35.9
36.1(b)
35.3
35.3
34.7
34.6
33.8
33.5
32.6(b)
32.2
29.7
31
28.1
26.6
26.2
26
25.1
LU
4.7
5.4
6.8
5.4(b)
4.1
5
5.3
4.1
5
4.1(b)
4.4(b)
5.8
4.2
4.4
4.4
3.1(b)
4
3.4(b)
3.2
4.8(b)
5
2.3(bu)
2.3(u)
3.1(u)
3.9(u)
3.4(u)
7.6
7.9
8.6
CZ
12.8
13.4
14.3
13.8(b)
14.3
15.1
14.6
14.5
13.7
13.4
13.3(b)
13.4
12.5
12.1(b)
7.9
7.7
7.5
5.9
5.8
5.7(b)
5.9
5.6(b)
6.9
6.6
5.7
5.9
6(b)
PL
20.5
20.1
19.4
18.4(b)
18.8
18.7(b)
19.3
19.9
19.8
19.1
19.8(b)
19.6
19
19
17.6(b)
16.3
16.2
15.5
14.7
13.7(b)
12(b)
11.6(b)
10.9
8.5(b)
6.1(b)
7.8
7.3(b)
12.7
SK
20.4
22.9
23.4
22.9(b)
22.5
22.6
23.7
22.2
21.2
21.3
18.7(b)
18.9
17.3
14.3(b)
10
9.3
9.8
9.5
8.7
8.9(b)
8.2
8.3(b)
6.4
7.2
7.2
6.6(b)
8.3(b)
HU
14.5
15.9
14.3
13.5(b)
13.9
15
15(b)
14.1
14.5
14.1
13.8(b)
13.8
14.3
13
12.1
11.2
11.4
10.4
10.2
9.5(b)
9.3
9.2
9.3
9.6(b)
8.3
9.9
8.4(b)
8.5
SI
19.1
18.8(b)
17.7
18(b)
15.5
16.2
15.8
15.1
15.7
15.2
12.2(b)
12.5
11.6
9.5
8.7
7.5
7.1
7.6
6.9
5.8(b)
6.8
6.1(u)
6.8(u)
6.7(u)
9.1
5.9(u)
6.7(bu)
7.6(u)
7.3(u)
PT
16
16.6
15.1
14.4(b)
13.4
14.9
13.6
13.9
13.7
13
12.9(b)
12.3
12
11.8(b)
13.8
13.9
14.7
13.7
12.1
12(b)
11(b)
11.4
9.7
8.4
9.7
7.6
8(b)
7.8
7.5
7
RO
15.5
16.1
16.6
16.2(b)
17.1
16.1
17.9
17.6
17.2
18.5
17.8(b)
17.3
14.5
12.4
11.2(b)
11
9.4
8.9
8.6
9.2(b)
10.6
10.2(b)
10.2(b)
12
10.8
10.7
10.3(b)
14.2
DK
15.3
13.4(b)
14.3
14.6(b)
13.6
13.7
14.1
14.7(b)
13.6(b)
14.5
13.5(b)
12.2
12
12.4
13.9
13.9
14.6(b)
14.4(b)
13.7
14.2(b)
13.6
13.6(b)
13.4
10.8
11.2
11.9
14(b)
13.3
14.5
14.4
NL
14.1
14.6
15.3
16.1(b)
16.8
16.8(b)
16.2
16.2
15.6
16.5
16.3(b)
15.8(b)
16.4
16
14.5
14.3
14.3
14.7
14.8(b)
15.3(b)
13.5
10.9
11
11.6
11.4
10.3
10.6(b)
13.7
13.8
IS
16
16.7
16.6
15.9(b)
13.5(b)
13.9
15.6
13.6
13.2
13
12.5(b)
12.1
11.6
9.8
8.9
9.1
8.5
11
12.2
12.8(b)
11.9
12.7(b)
10.5
9.7
13
12.6
IT
21
21.9
22.3
20.9(b)
19.8
20.1
20.5(b)
20.1
19.2
19.4
18.7(b)
18.8
19.5
19.2
16.8
15.5
15.1
14
13.9
13.7(b)
12(b)
15.8
14.8
14.8
14.1
12.5
11.8(b)
11.5
12.7
11.7
SE
13.7
13.6
13.6
13.4(b)
14.5
15.4
16.2(b)
16.3
16.1
16.4
16.5(b)
16.3
16.1
15.9
15.1
14.5
14.8
14.4
14.2(b)
13.1(b)
12.3
12.1
11.1
11.3(b)
14.4
14.7
14.7(b)
12.9
(u)
(u)
BG
20.9(b)
21.5
21.2
20.4(b)
21.6
22.6(b)
23.6
23.6
22.3
23.4
23.5(b)
23.7
24
23(b)
21(b)
20.4
20.2(b)
20.2
21(b)
18.7(b)
19.2
18.4(b)
16.8
16.1(b)
15.4
LV
19.7
20.1
18.9
18.2(b)
18
21.5
21
18.3
18.5
19
18.9(b)
20.3
21.1
19.3
16.7
17.5
18.1
16.2
16.4
20.1(b)
19.9
23.3
18.5(b)
18.6
15.8
17.4
17.4(b)
NO
17.5
16.9
16.7
16.7(b)
16
16.2
16.4
14.9
15.1
15.4
15.3(b)
13.9
13.9
13.8
12.5
11.7
13
14.6
15.4(b)
15.5(b)
15.8
15.2(b)
18
18
17.1
16.4
16.8(b)
17.7
16.2
FR
20.7(d)
21.2(d)
21.6(d)
20.6(bd)
21.1
21.7
21.9
22
21.7
22.1
22.3(b)
21.1(b)
20
20
20.6
21.1
20.8
20.7
20.5(b)
19.7(b)
19.4
18.5(b)
18.7
18.2
18
17.1
16.5(b)
14.9
14
13.6
UK
25.2
25.6
25.7
25.7
25.8
24.9(b)
24.5
24
24(b)
24.7(b)
23.4
23(b)
23.6(b)
22.5
22.3(b)
22.2(b)
21.3
21.2
21.7
19
18.8(b)
19.4
18.5
17.8
EL
33
31.4
32.4
32.6(b)
30.2
32.3
31.7
30.8
29.6
28.2
26.7(b)
24.9
24.5
23.8
19.5
20.2(b)
19.9
18.9
18.7
18.3(b)
18.3(b)
19.8
17.5
18.8(b)
19.1
17.7
14.6(b)
17.8
15.8
15.8
FI
16.4
16.1
17.2
17.9(b)
16.4
17.7
18.5
18.5
19
18.8
18.9(b)
18.9
19.1
19.3
17.1
17.6
17.8(b)
17.3(b)
17.5
17.5(b)
18.8
18.8
19.2
17.7
19.2(b)
20.5
22.6(b)
10.4
(u)
(u)
CH
17.6
18.3
17.8
18.8(b)
19.7
19.9
20.6
21.1
20.7
21.5
22(b)
21.8
21.3
21.9
20.9(b)
20
20.6
20.1
19.8
19.8(b)
21
19.9
21.1
20.5
20.6
21
21.3(b)
23
23.1
AT
26.9
26.3
27.8
27.6(b)
27.7
28.9
28.2
28.9
29.8
29.1
28.8(b)
23
23.5
23.1
21.7
21.7
22.7
22.9(b)
22.7(b)
21.3(b)
24.6(b)
18
20.9
19.5
21.4
22.1
8.9(b)
6.7
8.4
9.2
BE
20.1
22.2
22.7
21.7(b)
20.1
20.1
20.6
20.3(b)
19.6
19.4
19.9(b)
20.9
21.5
22(b)
22.3
22.7
22.8(b)
22
22.1
22.1(b)
21.6
22.8
23.2
20.7(b)
21.9
20.7(b)
21.5(b)
21.4
22
21.8
DE
19.1
19.7
20
20.1(b)
19.9(b)
18.2
18.7
18.9
18.8
18.2
18.9(b)
18.1
18(b)
13.1(b)
21.1(b)
21.2
21.3
20.8
21.5(b)
22.1(b)
22.7
22.5
23.8
23.3
23.8
23.9
24.4
24.5(b)
24.5
EE
22.2
21.3
21.4
21(b)
23.2
23.4
20.9
21.4
24
25.7
25.7(b)
27.3
26.9
24.6
22.9
25.5
27.6
26.5
25.8
27.4(b)
25.3
27.4
26.3
26.4
24(b)
25.6
26(b)
35.6
IE
27.3
28
28.4
28.6(b)
29.6
30.1
29.7
29.4(b)
28.7
29.4
29.9(b)
30.2
29
30.2
29
29.5
30.2
30.3(b)
30.9
30.1(b)
27.3
26.6
26.1
25.3
24.6
24.9
33.9
33.3
30.9
CY
28.2
30
31.5
31.2(b)
32.2
33.5
33.3
34.1
35.5
33.8
32.5(b)
33.3
33.4
32.3
32.6
32.6(b)
32
32.1
31.9
31.4(b)
32.2
31.6
31.7
31.4
31.6
32
ES
35(d)
35.8(d)
36(d)
36(bd)
35.8
36.7
37.3
36.9
36.6
37.1
36.4(b)
35.4
35.2
35.1
32.3
32.6
33.4
34.8
35.3(b)
35.6(b)
33.9
35.2
34.8
34.1(b)
35
34.5
33.6(b)
32.8
32.6
33.5
LT
22
21.8
22.2
22.1(b)
23.4
24.4
22.7
22.9
22.5
23.2
18.2(b)
16.8
15.4
15.5
16.9
19.5
20.1
21.3
23.1
24(b)
23.7
25.1
23.2(b)
22.2
41.5(b)
41.4
40.3(b)

Available flags:

b break in time series c confidential
d definition differs, see metadata e estimated
f forecast i see metadata
m imputed n not significant
p provisional r revised
s Eurostat estimate u low reliability
x dropped due to insufficient sample size y unreliable due to small sample size
z not applicable