The European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) has developed 13 indicators on intimate partner violence and domestic violence. Between 2023 and 2024, the indicators were used to collect national administrative data from the police and justice sectors in the EU-27 Member States, except for Slovakia.
This indicator presents data on the annual number of male perpetrators sentenced for intimate partner violence, domestic violence, and violence in any relationship. Data is presented on perpetrators against female and/or total victims, during the period of 2014 to 2022.
Please note, the data collected across Member States should not be compared due to differences in counting rules, data collection procedures, characteristics of victims and perpetrators included, and the types of criminal offences included. Additionally, the data must be interpreted with caution as it does not represent the true prevalence of violence.
Further details on the data
The table below offers additional details to interpret the data collected from Member States. Further details regarding the completeness, accuracy, and comparability of the data are presented in the reference metadata section, and in the methodological report for the data collection exercise. In-depth analysis of the data collected in each country is presented in individual country profiles.
|
Country |
Details regarding the data collected by EIGE |
|
Belgium (BE) |
|
|
Bulgaria (BG) |
Data on domestic violence refers to persons convicted for crimes perpetrated in a situation of domestic violence where an effective or conditional sentence has come into force. |
|
Czechia (CZ) |
Before 2022, the data on intimate partner violence and domestic violence excluded former (non-married) partners. For the justice sector indicators, there was a change in the method of data collection in 2022, so the data is not fully compatible with previous years. |
|
Denmark (DK) |
|
|
Germany (DE) |
|
|
Estonia (EE) |
Data on violence in any relationship only refers to men sentenced under the Article 121(2.2) of the Penal Code (physical abuse committed in a close or dependent relationship). |
|
Ireland (IE) |
|
|
Greece (EL) |
Data on domestic violence refers to total perpetrators, not just male perpetrators. |
|
Spain (ES) |
Data on intimate partner violence refers to gender violence, rather than intimate partner violence. Data on domestic violence excludes intimate partners violence. Data on violence in any relationship only includes perpetrators of gender violence and domestic violence. Perpetrators of other violence are not included in the data. |
|
France (FR) |
Data on domestic violence does not include types of relationships that can exist in a domestic unit with no legal or family ties (e.g. housemates are not included). |
|
Croatia (HR) |
Data on intimate partner violence refers to a subset of domestic violence data. For justice sector data, reporting practices changed due to legislative updates. There are also some inconsistencies and missing data due to the migration of data from one case management system to another (in 2015). In addition, in 2019, misdemeanour courts merged with municipal courts of general jurisdiction, so it is possible that there were errors in reporting. |
|
Italy (IT) |
|
|
Cyprus (CY) |
|
|
Latvia (LV) |
|
|
Lithuania (LT) |
|
|
Luxembourg (LU) |
|
|
Hungary (HU) |
|
|
Malta (MT) |
|
|
Netherlands (NL) |
|
|
Austria (AT) |
|
|
Poland (PL) |
|
|
Portugal (PT) |
|
|
Romania (RO) |
|
|
Slovenia (SI) |
|
|
Slovakia (SK) |
|
|
Finland (FI) |
|
|
Sweden (SE) |
Data on violence in any relationship refers to judgments and prosecutorial decisions in which a person has been found guilty of a crime. |
Available flags:
| b | break in time series | c | confidential |
| d | definition differs, see metadata | e | estimated |
| f | forecast | i | see metadata |
| m | imputed | n | not significant |
| p | provisional | r | revised |
| s | Eurostat estimate | u | low reliability |
| x | dropped due to insufficient sample size | y | unreliable due to small sample size |
| z | not applicable |