F8c. Gender pay gap based on gross hourly male and female wages, full-time and part-time employees of all sectors and separate for the private and public sectors bpfa_f_offic_f8__bpfa_f8c

Time format:
Years
Unit:
Percentage of male wages (comparable)
Specific keywords:
Beijing, BPfA, Economy, Gender pay gap
ME
TOTAL
ME
PRIVATE
ME
PUBLIC
LU
PUBLIC
RO
PUBLIC
CY
PUBLIC
LU
TOTAL
BE
PUBLIC
RO
TOTAL
PL
PUBLIC
AL
PUBLIC
IT
PUBLIC
IT
TOTAL
BE
TOTAL
IE
PUBLIC
AL
TOTAL
EL
PUBLIC
PL
TOTAL
MT
PUBLIC
PT
TOTAL
BE
PRIVATE
SE
PUBLIC
SI
TOTAL
RS
TOTAL
IS
PUBLIC
RS
PRIVATE
RO
PRIVATE
LU
PRIVATE
ES
PUBLIC
CY
TOTAL
EL
TOTAL
IE
TOTAL
HR
TOTAL
HR
PUBLIC
SE
PRIVATE
LT
PUBLIC
BG
PRIVATE
ES
TOTAL
DK
PUBLIC
DE
PUBLIC
SE
TOTAL
NL
PUBLIC
HU
PUBLIC
SI
PRIVATE
AL
PRIVATE
MT
TOTAL
NO
TOTAL
RS
PUBLIC
IS
TOTAL
BG
TOTAL
SI
PUBLIC
HR
PRIVATE
DK
PRIVATE
LT
TOTAL
SK
PUBLIC
HU
TOTAL
NO
PRIVATE
DK
TOTAL
NL
TOTAL
LT
PRIVATE
NO
PUBLIC
MT
PRIVATE
PL
PRIVATE
HU
PRIVATE
IS
PRIVATE
PT
PRIVATE
ES
PRIVATE
FI
PRIVATE
FR
TOTAL
CH
PUBLIC
FI
TOTAL
LV
PRIVATE
FR
PUBLIC
EL
PRIVATE
FI
PUBLIC
FR
PRIVATE
IT
PRIVATE
PT
PUBLIC
AT
PUBLIC
CH
TOTAL
LV
PUBLIC
CZ
PUBLIC
CH
PRIVATE
LV
TOTAL
SK
TOTAL
UK
TOTAL
BG
PUBLIC
IE
PRIVATE
CY
PRIVATE
CZ
TOTAL
DE
TOTAL
AT
TOTAL
EE
PUBLIC
SK
PRIVATE
AT
PRIVATE
UK
PUBLIC
EE
TOTAL
CZ
PRIVATE
UK
PRIVATE
DE
PRIVATE
NL
PRIVATE
EE
PRIVATE
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
ME
TOTAL
7.7
ME
PRIVATE
5.1
ME
PUBLIC
13
LU
PUBLIC
-3.3
-0.4
9.3
9.3
9.8
10.2
RO
PUBLIC
3.8(e)
1.7(e)
0.2(e)
-0.4(e)
-1.4
3.6(e)
8.7(e)
11.6(e)
12.3
12.8
16.5
21.3
21
12.8
11.3
10.9
CY
PUBLIC
-0.2
-0.2
-0.3
-0.3
-0.3
-1.8
-3.4
-5.2
-4.7
-3.3
-2.1
-0.9
0.3
0.1
0
LU
TOTAL
-0.7
-0.2
0.7
1.3
1.4
2.6
3.9
4.7
5.4
6.2
7
7.9
8.7
9.2
9.7
10.2
BE
PUBLIC
1.2
1.1
1.5
1.9
2.1
1.6
1.3
1
0.3
-0.5
-1.3
-2
-2.6
-3
-3
-3.5
RO
TOTAL
4.5(e)
3.6(e)
2.4(e)
3.3(e)
2.2
2.9(e)
4.8(e)
5.6(e)
4.5
4.9
6.9
9.6
8.8
7.4
8.5
12.5
PL
PUBLIC
1
0.2
-0.6
1.6
3.8
2.8
2.8
3.4
3.9
3.8
3.7
1.9
0.1
3.6
7
10.5
AL
PUBLIC
4
IT
PUBLIC
4.7
5.5
4.1
3.8
4.4
4.1
4.4
2.9
3.7
6.3
5.6
3.4
4.5
6.5
6.7
6.2
IT
TOTAL
4.3
5
4.2
4.7
5.5
5
5.3
5.5
6.1
7
6.5
5.7
5.3
5.5
4.9
5.1
BE
TOTAL
5
5
5.3
5.8
5.8
5.8
6
6.4
6.6
7.5
8.3
9.4
10.2
10.1
10.2
10.1
IE
PUBLIC
3.7
6.1
9.6
7.3
10.4
11.3
12.1
13.2
12.5
AL
TOTAL
6.8
EL
PUBLIC
7.7
13
16.4
PL
TOTAL
7.8
6.2
4.5
6.5
8.5
7
7.1
7.3
7.7
7.1
6.4
5.5
4.5
8
11.4
14.9
MT
PUBLIC
8.8
-1.3
-1.6
-3.6
-2.9
PT
TOTAL
12.5
11.8
11.4
10.9
8.9
10.8
13.9
16
14.9
13.3
15
12.9
12.8
10
9.2
8.5
BE
PRIVATE
8.1
8.1
8.5
8.9
9
9
9.1
9.6
9.6
10.6
11.8
12.8
13.9
13.9
14.1
14.1
SE
PUBLIC
7.7
7.8
8.1
8.8
9.2
9.7
10.1
11.7
11.7
11.9
13
13.3
14.5
14.3
15
SI
TOTAL
8.2
3.8
3.1
7.9
9.3
8.4
8.1
8.2
7
6.3
4.5
3.3
0.9
-0.9
4.1
5
RS
TOTAL
9.6
8.7
IS
PUBLIC
9.4
10.4
11.3
9.8
10
12.4
12.1
12.1
10.2
12
13.6
14.2
14.2
15.6
19
20.6
RS
PRIVATE
10.1
9.2
RO
PRIVATE
8.6(e)
10.2(e)
10(e)
11.5(e)
10.2
7.6(e)
7.2(e)
6.2(e)
4.6
3.1
3.9
3
4.9
8.5
11.6
12.3
LU
PRIVATE
10.3
12.7
10.9
10.9
13
15.1
ES
PUBLIC
8.2
8.2
8.4
8.2
10.3
10.7
14.3
12.4
13.3
13.6
14.3
13
12.3
11.4
11.6
12.4
CY
TOTAL
10.2
10.2
10.1
10.1
10.4
11.2
12.3
13.2
14.2
14.9
15.6
16.1
16.8
17.8
19.5
22
EL
TOTAL
10.4
12.5
15
22
21.5
IE
TOTAL
9.3
11.3
9.9
10.8
11.3
14.4
14.2
13.9
13.9
12.9
12.2
12.7
13.9
12.6
12.6
17.3
HR
TOTAL
12.5
11.1
11.2
11.5
11.4
12.3
11.6
8.7
7.7
5.7
HR
PUBLIC
10.6
10.7
12.4
11.1
11.4
11.4
11.7
13.8
13.3
12.6
SE
PRIVATE
9.9
10.1
10
10.3
11.5
11.9
12.3
12.4
12.4
12.8
13.4
13.7
13.1
13.8
14.8
LT
PUBLIC
8.9
9.7
11
14
11.8
12.5
12.5
13.8
13.7
12.6
12.4
11.6
17.3
13.1
17.3
13.7
BG
PRIVATE
13.3
13.6
12.3
13.1
11.9
12.2
12
13.3
12.5
12.8
12.9
11.2
11.6
11.9
11.5
10.6
ES
TOTAL
8.7
8.7
8.9
9.4
11.9
13.5
14.8
14.1
14.9
17.8
18.7
17.6
16.2
16.7
16.1
18.1
DK
PUBLIC
11.2
10.8
11.2
11.3
12.1
11.9
11.7
12
12.1
12.6
13.6
12.9
17.8
14.5
15.1
DE
PUBLIC
12.1
9.2
9.9
10.9
12.1
12.3
12.7
13.3
13.8
13.4
14.1
13.9
13.9
14.4
16
SE
TOTAL
11.1
11.2
11.2
11.8
12.1
12.5
13.3
14
13.8
14.6
15.5
15.6
15.4
15.7
16.9
17.8
NL
PUBLIC
10.2
11.1
11.6
12
12.2
12.7
12.7
13
14.4
15.6
16.3
16.9
18.4
18.6
18.6
19.4
HU
PUBLIC
16.1
17.2
11.6
14.4
12.3
13.8
11.8
13.5
11
22.4
24.4
20.5
20
17.9
17.5
15.9
SI
PRIVATE
10.8
10.8
8.6
11.1
12.4
11.1
9.9
8.7
9.8
9.7
9.5
9.7
8.9
8.5
12.2
13.3
AL
PRIVATE
12.5
MT
TOTAL
10.2
10.5
10
11.6
13
13.2
11.6
10.7
10.6
9.7
9.5
7.7
7.2
7.7
9.2
7.8
NO
TOTAL
14.4
14.3
13.4
13.2
13.2
13.7
14.5
16
14.5
15.5
14.7
15.7
16.1
16.5
17
15.6
RS
PUBLIC
13.2
12
IS
TOTAL
9.3
10.4
12.2
14.2
13.8
15.3
15.8
17.5
16.7
19
17.7
17.8
17.7
18
20.7
24
BG
TOTAL
13
12.2
12.7
14.1
13.9
14.3
14.6
15.5
14.2
14.1
15.1
13.2
13
13.3
12.3
12.1
SI
PUBLIC
11.5
5.1
7.9
12.4
13.9
12.5
12.3
11.6
12.7
11.4
8.9
8.2
2.3
1.7
4.8
4.5
HR
PRIVATE
13.9
13.9
15.6
14.3
14
12.4
10.7
9.9
8.9
6.3
DK
PRIVATE
13.2
13.7
13.7
13.9
14
14.8
15.5
14.9
16.1
16.2
17.5
18.3
14
16.6
16.1
LT
TOTAL
12
12
13
13.3
14
15.2
14.4
14.2
13.3
12.2
11.9
11.5
11.9
15.3
21.6
22.6
SK
PUBLIC
15
12.3
10.7
15.8
14.1
12.9
12.3
13.2
12.9
13.7
15
16.4
14.9
15.8
16.1
HU
TOTAL
17.5
17.3
17.2
18.2
14.2
15.9
14
14
15.1
18.4
20.1
18
17.6
17.1
17.5
16.3
NO
PRIVATE
17.7
18
16.5
16.7
14.2
15.4
16.6
18.2
17.7
17.5
17.4
18.6
19.3
19.7
20.2
DK
TOTAL
13.9
14.2
13.9
14
14.6
14.8
15.1
15.1
16
16.5
16.8
16.4
17.1
16.8
17.1
17.7
NL
TOTAL
13
13.5
14.2
14.6
14.7
15.1
15.6
16.1
17
17.2
18
18.8
17.8
18.5
18.9
19.3
LT
PRIVATE
13.1
14.3
15.7
14.4
15.1
16.4
18.1
17.7
16.6
16
16.2
16.1
11.6
20.5
23.5
25.2
NO
PUBLIC
7.6
6.8
6.9
6.7
15.1
13.8
12
11
15.5
19.2
16.1
12.3
11.3
12.1
12.8
MT
PRIVATE
15.7
11.9
12
15.5
11.1
PL
PRIVATE
14
13.5
13
14.4
15.7
15.4
15.7
16.8
17.9
17
16.1
16.7
17.2
19.2
21.2
23.2
HU
PRIVATE
17.8
16.9
15.6
16
15.9
17.3
15
13.4
15.6
15
16.3
15.3
16.2
15.8
17.2
17.1
IS
PRIVATE
13.5
13.7
11.7
14.8
16
15
15.6
16.6
16.3
17.2
16.8
17.6
17.8
20.1
22.4
24.8
PT
PRIVATE
12.8
13.5
14
14.7
16
17.7
19.4
21.2
22.8
21.1
25.6
23
24.1
21.9
22.7
21.4
ES
PRIVATE
12.8
12.8
13.4
13.9
16.2
17
18.5
18.7
17.8
21.1
21.9
21.4
20.3
19.6
18.8
20.4
FI
PRIVATE
15.4
16.4
16.8
16.6
16.5
16.8
17.7
17.4
17.6
17.9
18.3
17.6
19.2
20.2
19.7
FR
TOTAL
13.9
14.7
15.6
16.2
16.7
16.3
15.9
15.6
15.5
15.5
15.6
15.7
15.6
15.2
16.9
17.3
CH
PUBLIC
15.9
15.6
16.5
16.8
16.8
16.8
17
17.6
17.9
17.8
17.6
17.6
13
12.7
12.8
FI
TOTAL
15.5
16.5
16.7
16.6
16.9
17.1
17.5
17.5
18.4
18.8
19.2
19.1
20.3
20.8
20.5
20.2
LV
PRIVATE
18.1
15.5
20.9
19.5
16.9
18
17.2
15.7
14.3
12.8
12.7
13.2
15.8
15.9
14.8
16.1
FR
PUBLIC
17.2
20.1
13.2
EL
PRIVATE
17.2
16.4
17.3
FI
PUBLIC
15.9
17.1
16.8
17.2
17.4
18.4
18.1
19
19
18.4
19.3
17.4
19.4
20.3
20.7
FR
PRIVATE
17.4
15.3
16.4
IT
PRIVATE
15.4
15.5
16.5
17
17.7
20.7
17.9
19
19.6
19.9
18.2
17.7
17.5
17.6
17.1
17.6
PT
PUBLIC
14.2
15.1
15.6
16.3
17.8
16.4
15.6
14.7
13.6
12
13.3
11.4
10.1
12.1
10
10.8
AT
PUBLIC
18.1
20.1
19.6
CH
TOTAL
17.9
17.7
18.4
18.6
18.6
17.6
17.4
17.9
17.4
17.6
17.4
17.6
17.8
18.4
18.4
LV
PUBLIC
15.3
15.6
18.4
19.7
19
17.8
19.7
20.8
20.2
20.5
19.1
18.3
16.8
13.7
13.3
12.7
CZ
PUBLIC
15.1
12.2
13.8
17.2
19.3
20
20.3
20.8
20.7
21.3
21.5
21.4
20
22.1
23.3
CH
PRIVATE
18.7
18.6
19.2
19.4
19.4
18.6
18.2
18.6
18.1
18.4
18.3
18.4
21.1
21.6
21.7
LV
TOTAL
17.1
14.6
22.3
21.2
19.6
19.8
19.7
18.4
17.3
16
14.9
14.1
15.5
13.1
11.8
13.6
SK
TOTAL
17.7
16.6
15.8
18.4
19.8
20.1
19.2
19.7
19.7
18.8
20.8
20.1
19.6
21.9
20.9
23.6
UK
TOTAL
19.8
20.8
20.7
21
20.9
21
22.6
21.8
23.3
20.6
21.4
20.8
BG
PUBLIC
12
11
14.3
17.6
20
21.4
22.9
23.7
21.7
19.2
22.1
20.5
21.5
22.4
20.3
21.7
IE
PRIVATE
17.6
20
19.7
19.5
19.2
20.4
21.6
19.9
21.4
CY
PRIVATE
19.5
19.6
19.5
19.6
20.1
21
21.8
22.8
23.5
23.8
24.1
24.9
25.3
26.8
27.5
CZ
TOTAL
17.9
15
16.4
19.2
20.1
21.1
21.5
22.5
22.5
22.3
22.5
22.6
21.6
25.9
26.2
23.6
DE
TOTAL
17.7
17.6
18.3
19.2
20.1
20.4
21.1
21.8
22.3
22.1
22.7
22.4
22.3
22.6
22.8
22.8
AT
TOTAL
18.4
18.8
18.9
19.9
20.4
20.7
20.8
21.8
22.2
22.3
22.9
23.5
24
24.3
25.1
25.5
EE
PUBLIC
20.8
SK
PRIVATE
18.4
18.4
18.7
19.4
20.8
21.8
20.7
21
21.7
20.6
22.5
20.7
21
23.7
22.1
AT
PRIVATE
20.9
22.6
24.6
UK
PUBLIC
21.5
23.5
24.6
24.3
24.1
23.8
21.8
21.8
30
20.2
19
18.1
EE
TOTAL
21.3
20.5
21.1
21.7
21.8
24.9
24.8
26.7
28.1
29.8
29.9
27.3
27.7
26.6
27.6
30.9
CZ
PRIVATE
20.5
19.5
20.3
21.6
21.9
22.3
22.5
23.4
23.5
23.1
23.4
23.3
23.3
26.5
26.1
UK
PRIVATE
22.5
22.8
22.5
23.3
24.5
24.7
27.1
26.4
23
26.1
26.3
26.1
DE
PRIVATE
19.9
22.1
22.6
22.9
22.8
23.1
24.1
24.6
25.3
25.1
25.4
25.7
25.8
25.8
26.2
NL
PRIVATE
18.7
19.2
19.8
20.4
22.9
22.8
22.7
22.4
24.7
24
23.8
23.9
18
18.8
19.3
19.7
EE
PRIVATE
23.1

Available flags:

b break in time series c confidential
d definition differs, see metadata e estimated
f forecast i see metadata
m imputed n not significant
p provisional r revised
s Eurostat estimate u low reliability
x dropped due to insufficient sample size y unreliable due to small sample size
z not applicable