F8c. Gender pay gap based on gross hourly male and female wages, full-time and part-time employees of all sectors and separate for the private and public sectors bpfa_f__bpfa_f8c

Time format:
Years
Unit:
Percentage of male wages (comparable)
Specific keywords:
Beijing, BPfA, Economy, Gender pay gap
AT
PRIVATE
AT
PUBLIC
EE
PRIVATE
EE
PUBLIC
FR
PRIVATE
FR
PUBLIC
EL
TOTAL
EL
PRIVATE
EL
PUBLIC
IE
PRIVATE
IE
PUBLIC
LU
PRIVATE
LU
PUBLIC
MT
PRIVATE
MT
PUBLIC
CY
PUBLIC
RO
PUBLIC
PL
PUBLIC
LU
TOTAL
BE
PUBLIC
RO
TOTAL
SI
TOTAL
BE
TOTAL
IT
PUBLIC
IT
TOTAL
PL
TOTAL
SI
PUBLIC
BE
PRIVATE
MT
TOTAL
SE
PUBLIC
SI
PRIVATE
PT
TOTAL
HR
TOTAL
IE
TOTAL
RO
PRIVATE
ES
PUBLIC
ES
TOTAL
HR
PUBLIC
DE
PUBLIC
CY
TOTAL
SK
PUBLIC
SE
PRIVATE
LT
PUBLIC
SE
TOTAL
PT
PUBLIC
DK
PUBLIC
BG
PUBLIC
NL
PUBLIC
LT
TOTAL
BG
TOTAL
BG
PRIVATE
PL
PRIVATE
DK
PRIVATE
DK
TOTAL
ES
PRIVATE
CZ
PUBLIC
NL
TOTAL
FR
TOTAL
LT
PRIVATE
PT
PRIVATE
HR
PRIVATE
SK
TOTAL
HU
PRIVATE
HU
PUBLIC
CZ
TOTAL
IT
PRIVATE
FI
TOTAL
FI
PRIVATE
HU
TOTAL
FI
PUBLIC
LV
PUBLIC
DE
TOTAL
SK
PRIVATE
AT
TOTAL
CY
PRIVATE
CZ
PRIVATE
EE
TOTAL
LV
PRIVATE
NL
PRIVATE
DE
PRIVATE
LV
TOTAL
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
AT
PRIVATE
19.2
20.9
22.6
24.6
AT
PUBLIC
17.5
18.1
20.1
19.6
EE
PRIVATE
23.1
EE
PUBLIC
20.8
FR
PRIVATE
14.8
17.4
15.3
16.4
FR
PUBLIC
10.8
17.2
20.1
13.2
EL
TOTAL
13.6
13.5
10.4
12.5
15
22
21.5
EL
PRIVATE
15.9
17.2
16.4
17.3
EL
PUBLIC
13.4
7.7
13
16.4
IE
PRIVATE
17.6
20
19.7
19.5
19.2
20.4
21.6
19.9
21.4
IE
PUBLIC
3.7
6.1
9.6
7.3
10.4
11.3
12.1
13.2
12.5
LU
PRIVATE
6.9
10.3
12.7
10.9
10.9
13
15.1
LU
PUBLIC
-4.9
-3.3
-0.4
9.3
9.3
9.8
10.2
MT
PRIVATE
15.7
11.9
12
15.5
11.1
MT
PUBLIC
8.8
-1.3
-1.6
-3.6
-2.9
CY
PUBLIC
-4.1
-2.6
-2
-1.5
-0.9
-0.3
-1.8
-3.4
-5.2
-4.7
-3.3
-2.1
-0.9
0.3
0.1
0
RO
PUBLIC
2.9
0.7
-0.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1.4
3.6(e)
8.7(e)
11.6(e)
12.3
12.8
16.5
21.3
21
12.8
11.3
10.9
PL
PUBLIC
1
1
0.2
-0.6
1.6
3.8
2.8
2.8
3.4
3.9
3.8
3.7
1.9
0.1
3.6
7
10.5
LU
TOTAL
-0.9
-0.7
-0.2
0.3
0.9
1.4
2.6
3.9
4.7
5.4
6.2
7
7.9
8.7
9.2
9.7
10.2
BE
PUBLIC
-0.5
-0.8
-0.4
0.5
1.4
2.1
1.6
1.3
1
0.3
-0.5
-1.3
-2
-2.6
-3
-3
-3.5
RO
TOTAL
3.8
1.5
1.4
0.9
2.6
2.2
2.9(e)
4.8(e)
5.6(e)
4.5
4.9
6.9
9.6
8.8
7.4
8.5
12.5
SI
TOTAL
5.4
6.8
2.7
2.4
7.5
9.3
8.4
8.1
8.2
7
6.3
4.5
3.3
0.9
-0.9
4.1
5
BE
TOTAL
0.7
0.7
1.8
3.2
4.7
5.8
5.8
6
6.4
6.6
7.5
8.3
9.4
10.2
10.1
10.2
10.1
IT
PUBLIC
-0.2
3.9
4.9
3.7
3.6
4.4
4.1
4.4
2.9
3.7
6.3
5.6
3.4
4.5
6.5
6.7
6.2
IT
TOTAL
2.2
3.8
4.7
4
4.6
5.5
5
5.3
5.5
6.1
7
6.5
5.7
5.3
5.5
4.9
5.1
PL
TOTAL
7.8
7.8
6.2
4.5
6.5
8.5
7
7.1
7.3
7.7
7.1
6.4
5.5
4.5
8
11.4
14.9
SI
PUBLIC
11.8
10.6
4.4
7.4
12.2
13.9
12.5
12.3
11.6
12.7
11.4
8.9
8.2
2.3
1.7
4.8
4.5
BE
PRIVATE
6.1
6.3
6.8
7.6
8.5
9
9
9.1
9.6
9.6
10.6
11.8
12.8
13.9
13.9
14.1
14.1
MT
TOTAL
5.1
5.8
7.2
7.9
10.5
13
13.2
11.6
10.7
10.6
9.7
9.5
7.7
7.2
7.7
9.2
7.8
SE
PUBLIC
7.5
7.4
7.6
8
8.7
9.2
9.7
10.1
11.7
11.7
11.9
13
13.3
14.5
14.3
15
SI
PRIVATE
7.4
10.1
10.3
8.2
10.9
12.4
11.1
9.9
8.7
9.8
9.7
9.5
9.7
8.9
8.5
12.2
13.3
PT
TOTAL
8.6
6.3
7.1
8.3
9.4
8.9
10.8
13.9
16
14.9
13.3
15
12.9
12.8
10
9.2
8.5
HR
TOTAL
7.4
7.7
7.3
8.7
10.2
11.4
12.3
11.6
8.7
7.7
5.7
IE
TOTAL
8.6
9.3
9.9
9
10.3
11.3
14.4
14.2
13.9
13.9
12.9
12.2
12.7
13.9
12.6
12.6
17.3
RO
PRIVATE
9.1
6.7
8.8
9.1
11
10.2
7.6(e)
7.2(e)
6.2(e)
4.6
3.1
3.9
3
4.9
8.5
11.6
12.3
ES
PUBLIC
7
7
9.4
9.2
8.6
10.3
10.7
14.3
12.4
13.3
13.6
14.3
13
12.3
11.4
11.6
12.4
ES
TOTAL
9.2
9.2
9.3
9.3
9.6
11.9
13.5
14.8
14.1
14.9
17.8
18.7
17.6
16.2
16.7
16.1
18.1
HR
PUBLIC
5
5.3
6.7
9.7
9.8
11.4
11.4
11.7
13.8
13.3
12.6
DE
PUBLIC
11.9
12.1
9
9.8
10.8
12.1
12.3
12.7
13.3
13.8
13.4
14.1
13.9
13.9
14.4
16
CY
TOTAL
12.2
11.9
11
9.9
10.5
10.4
11.2
12.3
13.2
14.2
14.9
15.6
16.1
16.8
17.8
19.5
22
SK
PUBLIC
13.1
13.4
11.2
9.9
15.4
14.1
12.9
12.3
13.2
12.9
13.7
15
16.4
14.9
15.8
16.1
SE
PRIVATE
9.5
9.7
10
9.9
10.3
11.5
11.9
12.3
12.4
12.4
12.8
13.4
13.7
13.1
13.8
14.8
LT
PUBLIC
9.2
7.9
8.9
10.5
13.7
11.8
12.5
12.5
13.8
13.7
12.6
12.4
11.6
17.3
13.1
17.3
13.7
SE
TOTAL
11.2
10.4
10.3
10.5
11.1
12.1
12.5
13.3
14
13.8
14.6
15.5
15.6
15.4
15.7
16.9
17.8
PT
PUBLIC
6
5.2
8.3
11.1
14
17.8
16.4
15.6
14.7
13.6
12
13.3
11.4
10.1
12.1
10
10.8
DK
PUBLIC
10.8
11.9
11.1
11.4
11.4
12.1
11.9
11.7
12
12.1
12.6
13.6
12.9
17.8
14.5
15.1
BG
PUBLIC
7.4
6.9
7.2
11.8
16.3
20
21.4
22.9
23.7
21.7
19.2
22.1
20.5
21.5
22.4
20.3
21.7
NL
PUBLIC
9.8
10.9
11.6
12
12.2
12.2
12.7
12.7
13
14.4
15.6
16.3
16.9
18.4
18.6
18.6
19.4
LT
TOTAL
11.5
10.5
10.9
12.3
12.9
14
15.2
14.4
14.2
13.3
12.2
11.9
11.5
11.9
15.3
21.6
22.6
BG
TOTAL
13.5
12.6
11.9
12.5
14
13.9
14.3
14.6
15.5
14.2
14.1
15.1
13.2
13
13.3
12.3
12.1
BG
PRIVATE
15.6
14.5
14.5
12.9
13.4
11.9
12.2
12
13.3
12.5
12.8
12.9
11.2
11.6
11.9
11.5
10.6
PL
PRIVATE
13.9
13.9
13.4
13
14.4
15.7
15.4
15.7
16.8
17.9
17
16.1
16.7
17.2
19.2
21.2
23.2
DK
PRIVATE
13.2
13
13.7
13.7
13.9
14
14.8
15.5
14.9
16.1
16.2
17.5
18.3
14
16.6
16.1
DK
TOTAL
14
13.8
14.2
13.8
17.7
14.6
14.8
15.1
15.1
16
16.5
16.8
16.4
17.1
16.8
17.1
17.7
ES
PRIVATE
14.1
14.1
13.5
13.9
14.1
16.2
17
18.5
18.7
17.8
21.1
21.9
21.4
20.3
19.6
18.8
20.4
CZ
PUBLIC
16.3
16.4
13.2
14.5
17.5
19.3
20
20.3
20.8
20.7
21.3
21.5
21.4
20
22.1
23.3
NL
TOTAL
12.5
14
14.3
14.7
14.9
14.7
15.1
15.6
16.1
17
17.2
18
18.8
17.8
18.5
18.9
19.3
FR
TOTAL
12.2
12.8
13.7
15
16
16.7
16.3
15.9
15.6
15.5
15.5
15.6
15.7
15.6
15.2
16.9
17.3
LT
PRIVATE
12.5
11.7
13.2
15
14
15.1
16.4
18.1
17.7
16.6
16
16.2
16.1
11.6
20.5
23.5
25.2
PT
PRIVATE
17.7
15.3
15.4
15.2
15.3
16
17.7
19.4
21.2
22.8
21.1
25.6
23
24.1
21.9
22.7
21.4
HR
PRIVATE
13.4
13.3
13.4
15.3
14.1
14
12.4
10.7
9.9
8.9
6.3
SK
TOTAL
15.7
16.8
16
15.4
18.2
19.8
20.1
19.2
19.7
19.7
18.8
20.8
20.1
19.6
21.9
20.9
23.6
HU
PRIVATE
17.8
17.8
16.9
15.7
16
15.9
17.3
15
13.4
15.6
15
16.3
15.3
16.2
15.8
17.2
17.1
HU
PUBLIC
19.7
17.3
17.7
16.3
17.8
12.3
13.8
11.8
13.5
11
22.4
24.4
20.5
20
17.9
17.5
15.9
CZ
TOTAL
18
18.4
15.4
16.7
19.3
20.1
21.1
21.5
22.5
22.5
22.3
22.5
22.6
21.6
25.9
26.2
23.6
IT
PRIVATE
16.7
15.9
15.8
16.7
17.1
17.7
20.7
17.9
19
19.6
19.9
18.2
17.7
17.5
17.6
17.1
17.6
FI
TOTAL
16.8
16
16.9
16.9
16.7
16.9
17.1
17.5
17.5
18.4
18.8
19.2
19.1
20.3
20.8
20.5
20.2
FI
PRIVATE
17.2
15.6
16.6
16.9
16.7
16.5
16.8
17.7
17.4
17.6
17.9
18.3
17.6
19.2
20.2
19.7
HU
TOTAL
17.8
17.5
17.2
17.1
18.2
14.2
15.9
14
14
15.1
18.4
20.1
18
17.6
17.1
17.5
16.3
FI
PUBLIC
16.2
16.7
17.7
17.2
17.4
17.4
18.4
18.1
19
19
18.4
19.3
17.4
19.4
20.3
20.7
LV
PUBLIC
13.8
13.4
14.2
17.5
19.3
19
17.8
19.7
20.8
20.2
20.5
19.1
18.3
16.8
13.7
13.3
12.7
DE
TOTAL
17.6
17.7
17.6
18.3
19.2
20.1
20.4
21.1
21.8
22.3
22.1
22.7
22.4
22.3
22.6
22.8
22.8
SK
PRIVATE
17.9
17.9
18
18.5
19.2
20.8
21.8
20.7
21
21.7
20.6
22.5
20.7
21
23.7
22.1
AT
TOTAL
18.3
18.7
19.1
19.2
20
20.4
20.7
20.8
21.8
22.2
22.3
22.9
23.5
24
24.3
25.1
25.5
CY
PRIVATE
21.6
21.1
20.5
19.7
20
20.1
21
21.8
22.8
23.5
23.8
24.1
24.9
25.3
26.8
27.5
CZ
PRIVATE
19.8
20.4
19.4
20.3
21.6
21.9
22.3
22.5
23.4
23.5
23.1
23.4
23.3
23.3
26.5
26.1
EE
TOTAL
16.9
21.1
20.3
21
21.6
21.8
24.9
24.8
26.7
28.1
29.8
29.9
27.3
27.7
26.6
27.6
30.9
LV
PRIVATE
16.9
18.2
15.6
21
19.5
16.9
18
17.2
15.7
14.3
12.8
12.7
13.2
15.8
15.9
14.8
16.1
NL
PRIVATE
17.8
21
20.9
21
21
22.9
22.8
22.7
22.4
24.7
24
23.8
23.9
18
18.8
19.3
19.7
DE
PRIVATE
19.5
19.9
22.2
22.7
22.9
22.8
23.1
24.1
24.6
25.3
25.1
25.4
25.7
25.8
25.8
26.2
LV
TOTAL
19
18.9
15.9
23.2
21.6
19.6
19.8
19.7
18.4
17.3
16
14.9
14.1
15.5
13.1
11.8
13.6

Available flags:

b break in time series c confidential
d definition differs, see metadata e estimated
f forecast i see metadata
m imputed n not significant
p provisional r revised
s Eurostat estimate u low reliability
x dropped due to insufficient sample size y unreliable due to small sample size
z not applicable