FRA – European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights
FRA – European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights
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Schwarzenbergplatz 11, A-1040, Vienna, Austria
info@fra.europa.eu
+43 1 580 30 - 0
+43 1 503 13 85
12/2022
12/2022
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The Fundamental Rights Survey, published by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) collected comparable data on people’s experiences and views of their rights in the EU-27. The survey interviews were conducted between January and October 2019.
The survey collected data in the 27 EU Member States, the United Kingdom, and North Macedonia. In each country, a randomly selected representative sample of respondents – ranging from approximately 1,000 in most countries to around 3,000 in France and Germany – participated in the survey. Overall, the interviews resulted in a total sample of 34,948 respondents. Further details on the specific sample size per country can be found in FRA’s report on Crime, safety and victims’ rights, published in February 2021.
EIGE’s Gender Statistics Database ‘Cyber Violence’ theme presents data for two indicators related to cyber harassment, including:
The survey asked respondents whether they experienced incidents of cyber harassment where somebody:
For EIGE's related work in the area, please consult the Gender-based violence area of EIGE's website.
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Cyber violence is a widespread phenomenon with significant gendered implications. Violence against women in online spaces can take the form of cyber harassment, cyber stalking, non-consensual sharing of images, threats of violence, and several other harmful behaviours.
The statistical unit in the FRA survey is the respondent. Data is collected for each individual and disseminated as proportion of respondents.
The survey collected data in the 27 EU Member States, the United Kingdom, and North Macedonia. In each country, a representative sample of respondents – ranging from approximately 1,000 in most countries to around 3,000 in France and Germany – participated in the survey. Overall, the interviews resulted in a total sample of 34,948 respondents.
The results of the FRA survey are representative at the EU level, as well as for each country, of people who are 16 years old or older and usually reside in the country where they participated in the survey.
Further details on the specific sample size per country can be found in FRA’s report on Crime, safety and victims’ rights, published in February 2021.
The FRA survey includes data from the 27 EU Member States, the United Kingdom, and North Macedonia.
The survey interviews were conducted between January and October 2019.
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Indicators are expressed as percentages of all respondents that indicated that they have experienced cyber harassment in the 12 months/5 years prior to the FRA survey interview (% of respondents that answered ‘yes’).
The survey interviews were conducted between January and October 2019.
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The dataset of the Fundamental Rights Survey is available on the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights Survey data explorer webpage.
Professional interviewers, trained to ensure confidentiality, conducted the in-person interviews. Online data collection allowed respondents to complete the survey when and where they preferred.
The survey data was stored securely and anonymised. The European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) also deleted personal data used during the data collection. The final dataset does not contain any personal information that would allow respondents to be identified.
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There is no scheduled calendar release date for the Fundamental Rights Survey.
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Data is disseminated to all types of users via FRA’s Survey data explorer webpage.
There is no fixed frequency for dissemination. Statistics derived from the survey were consolidated into a single report for dissemination on the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights webpage.
News releases related to the topic of the survey and the dataset are published on the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights webpage.
Results of the FRA survey are presented in accompanying reports, including the report on Crime, safety and victims’ rights, published in February 2021.
Data is disseminated to all types of users via FRA’s Survey data explorer webpage.
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The methodology adopted to carry out the survey is available through the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights Methodology Q&A webpage with details on the survey methodology, sample and fieldwork.
The upcoming technical report accompanying the Fundamental Rights Survey will be available on FRA’s webpage, and will outline the specific quality management steps adopted by FRA to carry out this research activity.
FRA consulted various stakeholders in the process of conducting the survey to understand their needs for the survey. The Agency also consulted survey methodology experts to inform the survey design.
In 2015-2016 FRA conducted background research to develop the survey methods, and in 2017, the survey design was piloted. After adjusting the survey design based on the pilots, the Agency began to prepare the full-scale data collection in 2018, which was completed in 2019.
Overall, the data retrieved from the Fundamental Rights Survey can be considered of good quality, collected from reliable sources and with careful application of a common methodology.
Cyber violence, also referred to as ‘online violence’, is a widespread phenomenon with significant gendered implications. Violence against women in online spaces can take the form of cyber harassment, cyber stalking, non-consensual sharing of images, threats of violence, and several other harmful behaviours.
Collecting data on the extent to which women in the EU experience cyber violence is essential for implementing effective measures to combat these forms of violence and ensuring that victims have access to adequate support services.
No user opinions have been collected.
All 27 EU Member States, the UK and North Macedonia are covered.
Accuracy refers to the extent to which the data collected and used to populate the indicators on cyber harassment is ‘correct’. In principle, the data accurately describes the landscape of cyber harassment at the EU and national levels.
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The accompanying reports presenting the results of the FRA survey have been published on the dedicated survey webpage between July 2020 and May 2021.
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The survey data is comparable across Member States. The survey was conducted in 29 countries, including the 27 EU Member States, the United Kingdom, and North Macedonia.
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The findings based on FRA’s data collection have full internal coherence.
Ipsos MORI collected the data on behalf of FRA, in cooperation with Statistics Netherlands (CBS) in the Netherlands, the Centre des Technologies de l’Information de l’Etat (CTIE) in Luxembourg and Statistics Austria in Austria.
The external contracts for the survey cost €4,000,986.
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FRA derived the survey data from a random sample of participants who were interviewed in-person and online.
The survey data was collected between January and October 2019. No information on future data collection activities is available at this stage.
The findings were retrieved through a combination of in-person and online data collection, as appropriate in each country, to reach a representative sample of the total population.
Data validation procedures have been described at point 12 (Quality management).
The FRA survey data included in EIGE’s Gender Statistics Database is presented as the proportion of respondents who indicated that they have experienced cyber harassment in the 12 months/ 5 years prior to the survey interview.
The results published by FRA have been weighted to reflect the corresponding population characteristics in each country. According to FRA:
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